9 in 10 names have a British origin and only small minority arrived due to immigration

Beckham (259 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Norfolk; 516 bearers in 2011) – This can be a locative surname (deriving from a spot), from East or West Beckham in Norfolk. Whereas East and West Beckham are separate parishes in the present day, they might have made up a single settlement on the time of surname formation, identified merely as Beckham. The place-name means 'the homestead of a person known as Becca', from the Previous English private title Becca + Previous English hām 'village, homestead'. 

David and Victoria, whose title derives from from East or West Beckham in Norfolk

Cambridge (914 bearers within the 1881 Census most closely concentrated in Gloucestershire) – from Cambridge in Gloucestershire or from the college metropolis in Cambridgeshire. It was not till late within the 14th century that the shape Cambrigge grew to become widespread for the college metropolis (which was earlier recorded as Grantebrycge, Cantebrigge, and related), and so early bearers comparable to Richard de Cambrige (recorded in Staffordshire Pipe Rolls in 1182) and Alan de Cambrigge (recorded in Staffordshire Assize Rolls in 1227) are nearly actually from the place in Gloucestershire.

Campbell (50,516 bearers within the 1881 Census, with the heaviest focus in west Scotland; 76,576 bearers in 2011) – This Scottish surname originated as a nickname from Gaelic caimbeul 'crooked mouth'. By folks etymology, it was usually represented in Latin paperwork as de campo bello 'of the attractive subject', which generally led to the title being translated into Anglo-Norman French as Beauchamp. Clan Campbell is a prolific and traditionally influential Highland Scottish clan with many branches, claiming descent from Gille Easpaig Caim beul Ó Duibhne, who lived within the early 13th century.

Alistair Campbell's surname originated as a nickname from Gaelic caimbeul 'crooked mouth' in Scotland

Chakrabarti (174 bearers in 2011) – That is an Indian surname, a variant type of the extra frequent Chakraborty. It derives from Sanskrit cakravartī, actually that means 'wheels rolling', however used metaphorically for a ruler whose chariot wheels roll in all places with out obstruction.

(New) Clutterbuck (1,027 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Gloucestershire; 1,165 bearers in 2011) – Whereas this title has been included in earlier surname dictionaries, it has not been satisfactorily defined. Reaney provided no etymological rationalization, solely citing an announcement by H. P. R. Finberg (1957) that the Clutterbucks had fled from Holland within the sixteenth century. The FaNBI group's analysis has proven that this isn't the total story, with bearers of the surname recorded in Gloucestershire from the 15th century. Clutterbuck is of Dutch origin, and is a nickname from kloterboeck, a variant of Early Trendy Dutch kladdeboek 'service provider's account e book'.

Simon Cowell's surname has a number of origins

Cowell (four,269 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Isle of Man, Lancashire, Durham, and Essex; 5,450 bearers in 2011) – this surname has a number of doable origins. In some circumstances, it's of Irish and Manx origin, and might derive from Gaelic Mac Cathmhaoil, that means 'son of Cathmhaol' (Cathmhaol actually means 'battle chief'); Gaelic Mac Comhgaill, that means 'son of Saint Comhghal'; or a diminished type of Gaelic Mac Giolla Comhgaill, that means 'son of the devotee of Saint Comhghal'. In different circumstances, the surname is of English origin, and might derive from both of two locations known as Cowhill in Lancashire and Gloucestershire, or it might be a variant type of the surname Cole, which itself has a number of origins.

(Corrected) Dawkins (2,165 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Hampshire, Kent and Essex, and Leicestershire; four,205 bearers in 2011) – This can be a type of the surname Dawkin with the addition of an 's' in post-medieval occasions, which was not unusual within the period, when the overwhelming majority of surnames have been hereditary. Dawkin is a Center English private title from Daw plus the suffix 'kin'. Earlier dictionaries have acknowledged that the non-public title Daw is a pet type of David, however usually it's most likely a rhyming type of Uncooked, a Center English model of Ralph.

(New) Farah (5 bearers within the 1881 Census, resident in Middlesex and northern England; 1,502 bearers in 2011). This surname has two sources, an English one and a Muslim one. The uncommon English title is a northern pronunciation of the a lot commoner Farrer, an occupational title from Center English ferrour 'ironworker, blacksmith', borrowing from the Previous French ferreor. The Muslim title is from a private title based mostly on Arabic faraḥ 'pleasure, happiness, delight'. There are various Muslim households with this title in present-day Britain. Its most well-known bearer is Mo Farah, the long-distance runner and British Olympic Gold Medallist, who was born in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Gold medal winner Mo Farah's surname has two sources, an English one and a Muslim one

(New) Farraday and Vardy (135 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Lancashire; 21 bearers in 2011, and 602 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily from Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire) – These are two variations of the identical title, from Center English faire dai '(have a) truthful day', presumably for somebody with a cheerful disposition. Vardy has not been included in earlier dictionaries. Faraday does seem in Reaney's dictionary, however is incorrectly defined as that means 'servant of Honest', from Honest and daie 'servant, individual accountable for dairy cattle'.

(Corrected) Hawkins (21,354 bearers within the 1881 Census, with the heaviest concentrations in Somerset and Gloucestershire, Staffordshire, and Kent; 28,843 bearers in 2011) – This surname has three doable origins. It may be a type of the surname Hawkin with the addition of genitival 's', that means 'son of Hawkin', or with post-medieval excrescent ‑s (in post-medieval occasions, when the overwhelming majority of surnames have been hereditary, it was not unusual for an -s to be added to the tip of a reputation); Hawkin is from the Center English private title Haw (a rhyming pet type of Uncooked, a Center English type of Ralph) + the diminutive suffix -kin, and due to this fact means 'younger Ralph'. Hawkins might also be a variant type of the surname Hawking with post-medieval excrescent -s; Hawking is a locative surname from Hawkinge in Kent, which implies 'hawk place', from hafoc 'hawk' + the place-name forming suffix -ing. Hawkins might also be Irish in origin, from Ó hEacháin 'descendant of Eachán'; Eachán is a pet type of the non-public title Eachaidh, which implies 'horseman'.

Ian Hislop's surname originates from a Scottish area, it has been revealed

(Corrected) Hislop (1,801 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Lowland Scotland; 1,630 bearers in 2011) – This can be a locative surname of Scottish origin. It comes from a minor place known as Hislop in Roxburghshire, which is on the banks of Hazelhope Burn, a tributary of Falnash Burn, which feeds into the river Teviot. The place-name, in addition to Hazelhope Burn, derives from Center English hasel 'hazel' + hop 'deep enclosed valley'. Beforehand, this title has been incorrectly defined as coming from an unidentified place in northern England.

(New) Li - Totally defined for British and Irish readers for the primary time, Li, usually written Lee, is among the commonest Chinese language surnames in Britain, with over 9,000 bearers in 2011, not counting those that spell it Lee, which is able to multiply the quantity significantly. It has not less than six completely different origins in a variety of Chinese language dialects, together with 'plum', 'chestnut', 'black', 'lucky', and 'strict'."

(Corrected) Maude (1,131 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident within the West Using of Yorkshire; 1,204 bearers in 2011) – Earlier dictionaries have defined this as a relationship title from the Center English feminine private title Maud. Whereas this can be the origin of the title in a small variety of circumstances, the surname is principally locative, from Mildew in Flintshire, which is recorded as Mohaut in 1297. The place-name derives from Anglo-Norman French mont haut 'excessive hill or mound', the Norman title for Bailey Hill, on which Mildew Fortress stood.

Middleton (15,513 bearers within the 1881 Census, widespread all through England and Scotland; 21,440 bearers in 2011) – This can be a locative surname. It didn't originate with a single household; it has quite a few completely different origins, from any of quite a few locations known as Middleton (the place-name means 'center farmstead', from Previous English middel + tūn). It might additionally derive from one in every of varied different locations named with Previous English middel + tūn, however identified in the present day as Milton; one such instance is Milton in Cambridgeshire, which was recorded as Middeltune within the late 10th century. 

Pippa (left) and Kate's surname originated from any of quite a few locations known as Middleton

(Corrected) Palin (1,277 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident within the north-west Midlands; 1,873 bearers in 2011) – That is from a late Center English improvement of the surname Paulin, itself from the Center English private title Paulin, a diminutive type of Paul. Some earlier dictionaries have incorrectly defined this both as a locative title from Palling in Norfolk or Poling in Sussex, or as a relationship title from Welsh ap Heilyn 'son of Heilyn'.

(New) Patel (101,463 bearers in 2011) - This is among the commonest Indian surnames in Britain, with over 100,000 bearers in 2011. It's a standing title from a Hindu and Parsi phrase for a village headman. Priti Patel is MP for Witham in Essex and Secretary of State for Worldwide Growth.

Pegden (157 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Kent; 131 bearers in 2011) – this serves for example of how locative surnames usually come from minor localities that are unlikely to be identified by most individuals. The surname Pegden is from a small place known as Pegden Farm in Lindfield (Sussex).

Pritchard (16,079 bearers within the 1881 Census, widespread in Wales and west England; 23,415 bearers in 2011) – This title is of Welsh origin. It's a relationship title that means 'son of Richard', from the Welsh patronymic component ap 'son (of)' + the non-public title Richard. Within the surname, the patronymic ap has been integrated in to the next private title, inflicting ap Richard to change into Prichard.

(New) Redknap (97 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in London, Buckinghamshire, and Oxfordshire; 102 bearers in 2011) – This title doesn't seem in earlier dictionaries. It's most likely a nickname from Center English pink 'pink' + knappe 'boy, servant', for a boy or servant with pink hair or a ruddy complexion. This rationalization is supported by the incidence of the same medieval title, borne by Johannes Redknave in 1377 (in a ballot tax return for Rutland), which derives from Center English pink + knave 'boy, servant'. Nonetheless, in some circumstances, Redknap could also be a locative title, from Center English pink + knap 'hillock'.

Snow (four,032 bearers within the 1881 Census, widespread in England, with the heaviest concentrations in Devon, Essex, and London; four,630 bearers in 2011) – a nickname from Center English snou, snow 'snow', for somebody with snow‐white hair or an exceptionally pale complexion.

John Snow from Sport of Thrones is famously from the north, however the surname truly originates from the south, with the heaviest focus in Devon

(Corrected) Starbuck (483 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire, and Derbyshire; 1,076 bearers in 2011) – This can be a variant of the surname Tarbuck, from a spot known as Tarbock in Lancashire. The addition of the preliminary ­­S- is first famous within the 14th century, in Robert Starbok', recorded in Wombwell within the West Using of Yorkshire within the 1379 Ballot Tax returns. The connection between Starbuck and Tarbuck will also be seen in later data, with James Starbuck and James Tarbuck each recorded within the parish register for Netherseal (Leicestershire) within the late 18th century. Earlier dictionaries have steered that Starbuck is from a spot known as Starbeck in Harrogate, however this may be dominated out as a risk as a result of the medieval surname types finish 'bok' or 'bouk', not 'bek', and the place-name Starbeck just isn't on report earlier than 1817. The origin of the place-name Tarbock is unsure, although it might derive from the Previous Scandinavian private title Thor, Thori or Previous English þorn 'thorn' and Previous English brōc, that means 'brook, stream'. The surname Starbuck was taken to America by Edward Starbuck within the 1630s, however the Starbucks chain of espresso homes is called after the primary mate of the Pequod in Herman Melville's Moby Dick.

(New) Stilgoe (96 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Oxfordshire and Warwickshire; 249 bearers in 2011) – This title just isn't present in earlier dictionaries. It's a nickname from Center English stille 'silently, meekly, secretly', additionally with the that means 'continually', + go 'go, stroll', for somebody who went about silently or secretly, or for somebody who was continually 'on the go'.

Types could also be from a nickname for somebody who lived by a stile or steep ascent

Types (three,133 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in London and SE England, additionally with excessive frequencies in Worcestershire and Warwickshire) – This can be a type of the surname Type with the addition of post-medieval excrescent -s. In post-medieval occasions, when the overwhelming majority of surnames have been hereditary, it was not unusual for an 's' to be added to the tip of a reputation. Type is a locative title, from Center English stile 'stile, steep ascent'. It might be for somebody who lived by a stile or steep ascent, or it might be for somebody from a spot named with this phrase. 

Tobin (1,192 bearers within the 1881 Census, resident in Lancashire; additionally concentrated in Tipperary, Kilkenny, Cork, and Waterford in Eire between 1847 and 1864; three,946 bearers in GB in 2011; three,873 bearers in Eire in 2008) – This surname has a robust affiliation with Eire, and is a type of Irish Tóibín, a gaelicized type of the Norman French surname Saint Aubin, from Saint Aubin in Brittany. Nonetheless, it additionally has an alternate English origin, from a pet type of the Center English private title Tobias or Toby, finally from the Hebrew private title Tobiah.

(New) Toynbee (136 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Lincolnshire; 119 bearers in 2011) – This names doesn't seem in earlier dictionaries. It's a locative title from Tumby in Lincolnshire, the earliest types of which had -n- somewhat than ­-m-.

(New) Twelvetrees (66 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in south Lincolnshire; 52 bearers in 2011) - This uncommon title has change into extra broadly identified by way of Billy Twelvetrees, the England rugby union worldwide. It's a variant of Twelftree (in 1881 a Northamptonshire and Bedfordshire surname) with an excrescent 's'. Twelftree might be an altered type, by folks etymology, of Weldrick, a locative surname from Wheldrake within the East Using of Yorkshire. A gentry household with a surname from this place is recorded in Bedfordshire within the fourteenth century.

Twelvetrees, the surname of England rugby union participant Billy, s a variant of Twelftree

Warburton (7,367 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Lancashire, Cheshire, and the West Using of Yorkshire; 7,663 bearers in 2011) – a locative surname from Warburton in Cheshire. The place-name means 'Wǣrburg's property', from the Previous English feminine private title Wǣrburg + Previous English tūn 'farmstead, property'.

Winslet (37 bearers within the 1881 Census, primarily resident in Surrey; 100 bearers in 2011) – This seems to be a late variant of the surname Winslade, which is a locative title from Winslade in Hampshire or Winslade in Devon. The connection between Winslet and Winslade is supported by the incidence of each surnames in the identical parishes; see, for instance, Samuel Winslade and John Winslet, each recorded within the parish registers for Richmond in Surrey within the late 18th century. 

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